| 1 | The Explorer's Guide to Biology | Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs) | 10801 | 145 | 1 | 59.8 | positive | 2:18 | Multisolar organisms, such as a cat, have many billions of cells. These include somatic cells, shown here in orange, and stem cells, shown here in green. Somatic cells from the Greek, Soma, or body make up the body of an organism and are committed to specific cell fate. For example, the skin cells can divide to make more skin cells, but not muscle cells or other types of cells. In contrast, pluripotence themselves plurimines several while polimines to be able can make any kind of cell. For example, both skin and muscle cells. Pluripotence themselves exist as part of normal development embryos, but they do not exist in adults. So is it possible to give adults pluripotence themselves? In 2012, Dr. Xinyaya Manaka won the Nobel Prize for discovering that adding the four genes, MIC, OCT3 or IV, SOX2 and KLF4 into somatic cells leads to induced pluripotence themselves, or IPSCs. Why is this so important medicine? Since IPSCs can grow continuously and give rise to every other cell type in the body, it can be used to replace damaged cells and tissues, such as in a case of muscle damage, contributing to the feel of regenerative medicine. Since IPSCs can be derived from adult somatic cells, each individual patient could have their own stem cell line for organ transplants, for example to get a new liver. In addition, IPSCs can be used to test what specific treatment works best for individual patients, contributing to the feel of personalized medicine. | ↗ |