| 1 | The Proof with Simon Hill | Biology of aging: Cell Reprogramming | Dr Matt Kaeberlein | The Proof ... | 1531 | 47 | 1 | 63.3 | positive | 0:55 | If you take reprogramming to its sort of ultimate, you can actually take differentiated cells, so fibroblasts, for example, that skin cell, and reprogram them all the way back to a pleripotent state. So they completely lose their fibroblast identity. So it turns out that a lot of the developmental processes that allow for differentiation of cells and ultimately tissues and organs are largely mediated by epigenetic changes. Those very specific epigenetic changes then lead to certain genes getting turned on, which give the cell its identity, if it's going to be a heart cell, a myosite, or a skin cell. So yes, we're talking about gene expression, but these defined epigenetic changes that go along with differentiation, the first thing they do is turn on genes that then give that cell its identity. And you can reprogram cells all the way back to this undifferentiated or D differentiated state. | ↗ |